backward movement

How do backward-walking ants (Cataglyphis velox) cope with navigational uncertainty?
  • Backward-walking ants can steer using learnt terrestrial visual cues.
  • Steering does not require forward body alignment.
  • Steering may be based on the integration of attractive and repulsive views.
  • Peeking behaviour is triggered in periods of low directional certainty.
  • Directional certainty is built on multiple sources of current and past information.
Sebastian Schwarz, Leo Clement, Evripidis Gkanias, Antoine Wystrach